{"id":5837,"date":"2023-10-26T12:36:35","date_gmt":"2023-10-26T17:36:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.advancedrenaleducation.com\/wparep\/?post_type=article&p=5837"},"modified":"2025-05-09T12:00:12","modified_gmt":"2025-05-09T17:00:12","slug":"numero-de-transformaciones-sp","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/staging.advancedrenaleducation.com\/wparep\/article\/numero-de-transformaciones-sp\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00famero de Transformaciones"},"content":{"rendered":"

A veces, el rango de valores relevantes expresados \u200b\u200ben n\u00fameros ordinarios es grande y se extiende desde lo manejable hasta lo inmanejable. Tomemos, por ejemplo, la expresi\u00f3n de la concentraci\u00f3n de iones de hidr\u00f3geno ([H +]) como moles por litro. Un \u00e1cido extremadamente fuerte como el HCl que se encuentra en la estanter\u00eda de un laboratorio puede tener una [H +] de 0,1 mol por litro = 100 mmol\/l. En el otro extremo, una base fuerte tendr\u00eda un [H +] de menos de 10 femtomoles\/l (0,00000000000001 mol\/l; 10 x 10 15 mol\/l). Las soluciones fisiol\u00f3gicas (por ejemplo, plasma, agua intracelular) tienen [H +] en el rango estrecho de 10 a 160 nmoles\/l (10 x 10-9 a 160 x 10 9 mol \/ l). Esta amplia gama de fracciones (decimales) se vuelve m\u00e1s manejable cuando se transforma como logaritmos, en este caso logaritmos en base 10: Log10.<\/p>\n

El logaritmo de 0,1 es menos 1 (-1). Para evitar usar el signo menos podemos tomar el Log negativo. El log negativo (-Log) de 0.1 es 1. El log negativo de 0.00000000000001 es 14. Ahora podemos expresar el rango completo de inter\u00e9s de [H +] por el rango de n\u00fameros logar\u00edtmicos entre -14 y +14. Obviamente, esto es mucho m\u00e1s manejable. En el c\u00e1lculo deben observarse las convenciones matem\u00e1ticas para los logaritmos. Los valores logar\u00edtmicos se pueden convertir de nuevo a n\u00fameros ordinarios utilizando la funci\u00f3n antilogaritmo (generalmente disponible como la funci\u00f3n POWER () en hojas de c\u00e1lculo).<\/p>\n

La escala logar\u00edtmica de \u201314 a +14, que transforma el rango num\u00e9rico de 10-14 a 1014, se muestra en la tabla de arriba.<\/p>\n[1E-14 = 1*10-14<\/sup>; 1E+13 = 1*1013<\/sup>]\n

Escala logar\u00edtmica<\/strong>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

La conversi\u00f3n logar\u00edtmica tambi\u00e9n se puede utilizar para convertir una serie de n\u00fameros no lineales en una serie lineal. El siguiente gr\u00e1fico muestra el aumento de la creatinina s\u00e9rica (mmol\/L; le\u00eddo desde el eje Y izquierdo) a lo largo del tiempo en la insuficiencia renal progresiva (curva oscura continua). La l\u00ednea discontinua muestra las transformaciones logar\u00edtmicas naturales (LogN<\/sub>) de los valores de creatinina s\u00e9rica (le\u00eddas desde el eje Y derecho) e ilustra c\u00f3mo la transformaci\u00f3n logar\u00edtmica convierte una serie curvil\u00ednea en una serie lineal. Esta transformaci\u00f3n ser\u00eda \u00fatil para predecir un valor futuro de creatinina que ser\u00eda dif\u00edcil a partir de la serie curvil\u00ednea.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Los logaritmos naturales son logaritmos en la base 2.71828 y se convierten f\u00e1cilmente a n\u00fameros ordinarios mediante el uso de la funci\u00f3n exponencial [Exp ()] en una hoja de c\u00e1lculo o calculadora.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\/N 101818-01S Rev B 02\/2023<\/p>\n

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